New Delhi: The history of vaccine holds a very unique story. It started back in 1796 when Edward Jenner, an English country doctor from Gloucestershire, administered the world’s first vaccination as a preventive treatment for smallpox, a disease that had killed millions of people.
The experiment started, when Edward Jenner, who was still a medical student, noticed that milkmaids who had contracted a disease called cowpox, which caused blistering on cow’s udders, did not catch the disease smallpox. So, in the month of May, 1796, Edward Jenner performed a small scientific experiment, he took fluid from a cowpox blister and scratched it into the skin of an eight-year-old boy known as James Phipps. A single blister rose up on the spot, but the boy soon recovered. Few days later, Mr Jenner inoculated the boy again, this time with smallpox matter, and no disease developed. Mr Jenner’s theory of artificially inducing the immunity in human body proved correct and vaccination was born.
This technique, known as variolation, involved deliberately infecting a patient with a mild dose of the disease or the virus in the expectation that it would provide protection from a more severe infection in future.
Soon after the experiment was a success, doctors all over Europe adopted Jenner’s innovative technique. In the 19th and 20th centuries, scientists following the same model developed new vaccines to fight numerous deadly diseases, including polio, whooping cough, measles, tetanus, yellow fever, typhus, and hepatitis B and many others. From then to now, vaccines have become an integral part of everyone’s lives, experts say that vaccines are as important to one’s overall health as diet and exercise.
To understand how vaccines work, it is important to know how our body’s immune system works because vaccine harness the natural activity of the immune system itself. Explaining how the natural immune system of our bodies fight any germs or disease, Dr Sharad Joshi, Pulmonologist Special, Principal Consultant at Max Hospitals says,
When our body is attacked with some or the other germs, the first natural barrier that our bodies have to fight it are skin, mucus, and cilia (microscopic hairs that move debris away from the lungs), all work as physical barriers to prevent pathogens or germs from entering the body in the first place. But sometimes the disease-causing bacteria does get through these barriers. That’s when the work of our immune system begins.
Dr Joshi said that human body’s immune system is very strong and is the best way to fight any virus or disease. He added,
The immune system is quick to recognise the foreign particles in the body as invaders. This is because the proteins or sugars on the bacteria’s surface has different shapes to any of the ones in the human body. Once the immune system sees the invaders, it triggers a complex chain of events, involving many of the white cells working together. One type of white blood cells is able to make antibodies to fight the invaders. Antibodies can stick to the proteins or sugars on the bacteria’s surface and can help kill the bacteria or disable them.
Despite our immune system being so strong, the human body can still get infected with the germs and eventually develop a disease. Explaining that, Dr Joshi said,
Not all antibodies will work to kill the bacteria. Until unless the antibody is in the right and exact shape of the virus or germ in the body, it will not disable or kill the virus or germ. Our bodies have a library of billions of white blood cells each of which can only make one shape of the antibody. Now, by the time our body’s natural immune system produces antibodies of right shape, it can take several days. By this time there could be billions of disease-causing bacteria in our body and if the virus is of a nature that it multiplies at a faster rate it will affect our body completely and that’s why we tend to fall ill or get infected with the disease.
Dr Joshi further added,
However, once the right cells are activated, they can quickly divide and turn into a production line, making masses of antibodies that stick to the bacteria. Eventually our body gets rid of all the bacteria and we recover.
Highlighting the important role of the antibodies, he added,
Antibodies remain in our body’s blood and some turn into memory cells, so that, if those specific bacteria ever attack your body again, our immune system will be quick to produce the right antibody, which will eventually help fight the disease.
Why Do We Need Vaccines?
Talking about vaccines and what it actually does to protect the human body from the disease, Dr Katherine O’brien, Director, Department of Immunisation, Vaccines and Biologicals, from World Health Organisation (WHO) said,
We need vaccines simply to train or prepare our immune system towards a particular virus or disease, so that, whenever our body is infected with the germ, it can quickly fight it without making us very ill. In simple terms, vaccines are designed to prevent disease, rather than treat a disease once you have caught it.
Talking about vaccines development and how they are prepared, Dr Katherine O’brien said,
Whenever a vaccine is developed for a particular disease, it works on one thumb rule – to put A part of the germ or activate it in our body, which our body can recognise and develop and immune response.
Talking about coronavirus and its vaccine development, Dr Katherine O’brien added,
There are different approaches to making coronavirus vaccine around the globe. All of the vaccines that are currently developed or are in the making are trying to do one thing – they are trying to get that part of the virus – the spike protein into our body, so that it can develop specific antibodies against the spike protein.
Highlighting the two big categories of approaches being used for COVID-19 vaccines, Dr O’brien said that the first approach is to simply put the vaccine part of the spike protein or spike protein itself into the human body. And the second category is to give instructions to our body’s cells via vaccine on how to make spike protein and let the body produce the spike protein itself for fighting the virus.
She added,
The first category, where we actually give the part of the spike protein or germ to our body, is the method, we have used for developing a lot of the other diseases vaccine. However, the second approach, where we have developed a vaccine that gives instructions to our cells to make spike protein is the new category all together. And it is the very important strategy, as using this approach, we can develop vaccines very quickly for future diseases, it is also more efficient way as we are using the body’s own ability to produce protein, it is a very powerful tool.
Busting the common myth that the vaccine will infect the person with the virus as it uses a part of virus in it, Dr O’brien said,
In all cases, the virus or particles given are so weakened that it doesn’t cause disease in us. So, we will not get the disease from getting the vaccine, even if it uses the weakened part of that very particular germ that causes the disease.
COVID-19 Vaccines And The Technology Being Used
The Coronavirus vaccine developed by Oxford-AstraZeneca is called ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or AZD1222 or Covishield in India. The ChAdOx1 vaccine uses a chimpanzee adenovirus. This is a harmless, weakened adenovirus that usually causes the common cold in chimpanzees. It is altered to use the blueprint of COVID-19 and because it looks like Coronavirus, the body’s immune system then begins to produce immune response.
On the other hand, Bharat Biotech’s Covaxin is an inactivated vaccine. As part of the process, disease carrying virus, in the case of COVID-19 it is SARS-CoV-2, is inactivated or killed and then injected.
Whereas, mRNA vaccines being produced by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna works on the other approach, where instead of putting a weakened or inactivated virus into our bodies to trigger an immune response, mRNA or messenger-RNA vaccines use specific parts of the infectious agent like its protein, sugar, or coating. This agent then gives a message to our cells to make a protein or even just a piece of a protein which are like those of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The protein then triggers an immune response inside our bodies. That immune response, which produces antibodies, is what protects us from getting infected if the real virus enters our bodies.
Also Read: Coronavirus Explained: What Is mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Technology?
Safety Of Vaccines
Dr Katherine O’brien added,
The vaccines we have that have been used in the hundreds of billions of doses for decades and in fact for centuries for some of the diseases have been studied and evaluated thoroughly for its safety and for the impact that they have on the body. We have the safety system for all the vaccines that is constantly looking at the information about the performance of the vaccines and picking up any issues that might arise in the future. So, I think, we all can be really well assured that we have a very strong system in place to both look at the safety and assure safety before the vaccine is authorised for the use.
WHO says that some vaccines require multiple doses, given weeks or months apart, this is sometimes needed to allow for the production of long-lived antibodies and development of memory cells. In this way, the body is trained to fight the specific disease-causing organism, building up memory of the pathogen so as to rapidly fight it if and when exposed to it.
Also Read: Vaccine Hesitancy: What It Means And How We Can Tackle It, Experts Explain
Herd Immunity From Vaccination
Explaining the concept of community vaccination that eventually helps protecting all the individuals, even those who can’t get vaccinated, AIIMS Director Dr Randeep Guleria said,
What happens is, when someone is vaccinated, they are very likely to be protected against the targeted disease. But not everyone can be vaccinated. Currently with coronavirus vaccine programme, people with underlying health conditions that weaken their immune systems (such as cancer or HIV) or who have severe allergies to some vaccine components, pregnant or lactating women or people under the age of 18-years of age are not advised to get vaccinated. However, these people can still be protected if they live in and amongst others who are vaccinated.
According to WHO, when a lot of people in a community are vaccinated the pathogen has a hard time circulating because most of the people it encounters are immune. So, it is very important that large number of people are vaccinated in the community. When in a community, a situation comes when most of the people are vaccinated and the chance of people, who are not protected by vaccine, getting infected,
becomes less is called herd immunity.
WHO further states that no single vaccine provides 100 per cent protection, and herd immunity does not provide full protection to those who cannot safely be vaccinated. But with herd immunity, these people will have substantial protection, thanks to those around them being vaccinated. Vaccinating not only protects an individual, but also protects those in the community who are unable to get vaccinated.
Also Read: Coronavirus Explainer: What Are Adverse Events Post COVID-19 Immunisation
NDTV – Dettol Banega Swasth India campaign is an extension of the five-year-old Banega Swachh India initiative helmed by Campaign Ambassador Amitabh Bachchan. It aims to spread awareness about critical health issues facing the country. In wake of the current COVID-19 pandemic, the need for WASH (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene) is reaffirmed as handwashing is one of the ways to prevent Coronavirus infection and other diseases. The campaign highlights the importance of nutrition and healthcare for women and children to prevent maternal and child mortality, fight malnutrition, stunting, wasting, anaemia and disease prevention through vaccines. Importance of programmes like Public Distribution System (PDS), Mid-day Meal Scheme, POSHAN Abhiyan and the role of Aganwadis and ASHA workers are also covered. Only a Swachh or clean India where toilets are used and open defecation free (ODF) status achieved as part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014, can eradicate diseases like diahorrea and become a Swasth or healthy India. The campaign will continue to cover issues like air pollution, waste management, plastic ban, manual scavenging and sanitation workers and menstrual hygiene.
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State & District Details
State | Cases | Active | Recovered | Deaths |
---|---|---|---|---|
DistrictCases Mumbai45,478 Thane13,660 Pune9,920 Mumbai Suburban5,363 Aurangabad1,974 Nashik1,575 Raigad1,462 Palghar1,421 Solapur1,291 Jalgaon1,039 Akola757 Nagpur692 Kolhapur646 Satara629 Ratnagiri350 Amravati291 Dhule228 Hingoli208 Jalna201 Ahmednagar190 Nanded176 Yavatmal150 Sangli145 Latur139 Osmanabad125 Sindhudurg114 Buldhana88 Parbhani78 gondia69 Beed54 Nandurbar42 Gadchiroli42 Bhandara41 Chandrapur32 Washim13 Wardha11 | 21,29,821 8,702 | 65,461 4,902 | 20,12,367 3,744 | 51,993 56 |
DistrictCases Kannur357 Kasaragod333 Palakkad224 Malappuram119 Kollam118 Thrissur106 Thiruvananthapuram104 Pathanamthitta98 Kozhikode90 Alappuzha76 Kottayam73 Ernakulam60 Idukki40 Wayanad36 | 10,48,686 3,677 | 52,164 989 | 9,92,372 4,652 | 4,150 14 |
DistrictCases Udupi1,176 Kalaburagi669 Yadgir538 Bengaluru Urban529 Raichur369 Mandya346 Belagavi337 Bidar219 Hassan205 Davangere204 Vijayapura201 Dakshina Kannada179 Chikkaballapura149 Mysuru107 Bagalkote103 Uttara Kannada95 Shivamogga67 Dharwad61 Ballari60 Gadag45 Bengaluru Rural40 Tumakuru36 Kolar29 Haveri24 Chikkamagaluru19 Chitradurga14 Koppal5 Kodagu4 Ramanagara3 Chamarajanagara0 | 9,49,636 453 | 5,595 501 | 9,31,725 947 | 12,316 7 |
DistrictCases Kurnool795 Krishna557 Guntur511 Anantapur428 East Godavari356 Chittoor319 Sri Potti Sriramulu Nell*296 Y.S.R.205 West Godavari199 Srikakulam183 Prakasam104 Visakhapatnam103 Vizianagaram23 | 8,89,585 82 | 611 8 | 8,81,806 74 | 7,168 |
DistrictCases Chennai23,324 Chengalpattu1,314 Thiruvallur774 Villupuram509 Kanchipuram503 Tiruvannamalai496 Cuddalore477 Ariyalur444 Tirunelveli433 Tuticorin333 Kallakurichi324 Madurai322 Salem258 Coimbatore188 Virudhunagar185 Dindigul175 Perambalur133 Ranipet133 Thanjavur130 Theni129 Tiruchirappalli119 Ramanathapuram119 Tiruppur116 Kanniyakumari110 Tenkasi103 Nagapattinam99 Karur88 Namakkal83 Erode75 Vellore71 Thiruvarur67 Pudukkottai53 Sivaganga46 Tirupathur45 Krishnagiri43 The Nilgiris17 Dharmapuri15 | 8,50,096 467 | 4,053 9 | 8,33,560 471 | 12,483 5 |
DistrictCases North West5,463 Central4,817 West4,768 New Delhi3,405 North3,059 East2,472 South East2,446 South West2,391 South2,329 North East1,914 Shahdara1,580 | 6,38,593 220 | 1,169 32 | 6,26,519 188 | 10,905 |
DistrictCases Gautam Buddha Nagar1,119 Agra933 Ghaziabad794 Meerut504 Lucknow386 Saharanpur298 Kanpur Nagar286 Moradabad252 Varanasi243 Hapur225 Aligarh215 Basti214 Amethi206 Rampur203 Jaunpur194 Firozabad190 Barabanki168 Gorakhpur166 Bulandshahr166 Siddharth Nagar159 Ghazipur159 Bijnor157 Deoria143 Azamgarh138 Sant Kabeer Nagar132 Mathura129 Ayodhya120 Muzaffarnagar117 Sambhal116 Sultanpur97 Ambedkar Nagar92 Maharajganj85 Amroha80 Rae Bareli78 Bahraich73 Kheri72 Kannauj69 Baghpat68 Kushi Nagar67 Bhadohi60 Ballia60 Gonda59 Etah52 Hardoi49 Balrampur49 Mau48 Mainpuri46 Etawah46 Hathras43 Unnao42 Jalaun41 Jhansi41 Shamli40 Chandauli38 Auraiya37 Farrukhabad36 Sitapur32 Prayagraj30 Banda27 Shahjahanpur25 Shravasti23 Budaun23 Mirzapur22 Bareilly17 Kasganj16 Pratapgarh15 Pilibhit15 Sonbhadra10 Kaushambi6 Kanpur Dehat4 Chitrakoot4 Lalitpur3 Hamirpur3 Mahoba3 Fatehpur3 | 6,03,232 129 | 2,182 8 | 5,92,327 135 | 8,723 2 |
DistrictCases Kolkata2,777 Howrah1,435 24 Paraganas North1,031 Hooghly604 24 Paraganas South281 Maldah235 Dinajpur Uttar216 Coochbehar210 Birbhum206 Medinipur West159 Medinipur East153 Nadia139 Purba Bardhaman130 Murshidabad125 Bankura116 Darjeeling97 Jalpaiguri88 Paschim Bardhaman70 Purulia66 Dinajpur Dakshin50 Alipurduar39 Kalimpong18 Jhargram9 | 5,74,500 199 | 3,353 24 | 5,60,887 219 | 10,260 4 |
DistrictCases Ganjam581 Jajapur322 Khordha238 Baleshwar190 Kendrapara164 Cuttack155 Bhadrak137 Balangir129 Puri103 Sundargarh102 Jagatsinghapur91 Nayagarh86 Mayurbhanj73 Nuapada69 Gajapati61 Dhenkanal36 Boudh34 Kendujhar34 Deogarh33 Kalahandi33 Sonepur29 Kandhamal28 Anugul26 Malkangiri20 Bargarh16 Koraput16 Sambalpur16 Jharsuguda8 Nabarangpur2 Rayagada2 | 3,36,924 89 | 609 21 | 3,34,400 67 | 1,915 1 |
DistrictCases Jaipur2,177 Jodhpur1,748 Udaipur724 Bharatpur563 Kota503 Nagaur500 Ajmer379 Dungarpur374 Pali352 Jhalawar329 Bhilwara250 Sikar231 Chittorgarh188 Tonk171 Jalore164 Rajsamand140 Sirohi130 Bikaner112 Banswara91 Alwar90 Churu81 Jhunjhunu64 Dausa61 Dholpur60 Baran59 Jaisalmer53 Barmer34 Hanumangarh31 SawaiMadhopur26 Karauli17 Pratapgarh14 Ganganagar8 Bundi5 | 3,19,929 128 | 1,208 4 | 3,15,936 124 | 2,785 |
DistrictCases Bilaspur100 Korba100 Mungeli87 Baloda Bazar85 Jashpur77 Janjgir-Champa56 Mahasamund54 Rajnandgaon52 Kabirdham52 Raigarh47 Raipur46 Balod41 Korea39 Durg31 Bemetara21 Kanker19 Balrampur17 Surguja14 Gariyaband10 Surajpur9 Dhamtari6 Bijapur2 Bastar2 Dantewada0 Kondagaon0 Narayanpur0 Sukma0 | 3,11,900 220 | 2,865 46 | 3,05,214 258 | 3,821 8 |
DistrictCases Hyderabad2,475 Ranga Reddy183 Suryapet87 Jagitial77 Nizamabad76 MedchalMalkajgiri75 Mancherial43 YadadriBhuvanagiri40 Jogulamba Gadwal40 Vikarabad40 Nalgonda33 Warangal Urban32 Mahabubnagar30 Sangareddy26 Khammam26 Adilabad22 Nirmal21 Karimnagar17 RajannaSircilla16 Medak11 Kamareddy11 Mahabubabad10 Jayashankar Bhupalapally9 Nagarkurnool8 Kumuram Bheem Asifabad8 Jangoan8 Siddipet7 Peddapalli5 Bhadradri Kothagudem5 Warangal Rural4 Mulugu3 Narayanpet3 Wanaparthy1 | 2,98,453 189 | 1,910 58 | 2,94,911 129 | 1,632 2 |
DistrictCases Gurugram2,950 Faridabad867 Sonipat404 Rohtak145 Palwal120 Jhajjar114 Karnal104 Hisar98 Ambala93 Panipat78 Nuh68 Bhiwani60 Rewari56 Kurukshetra55 Sirsa50 Kaithal48 Mahendragarh47 CharkiDadri43 Panchkula39 Fatehabad38 Jind38 Yamunanagar19 | 2,70,263 166 | 1,054 99 | 2,66,166 67 | 3,043 |
DistrictCases Ahmadabad17,125 Surat2,311 Vadodara1,555 Gandhinagar410 Mahesana159 Banas Kantha147 Bhavnagar146 Rajkot135 Arvalli134 Mahisagar125 Anand107 PanchMahals107 Patan105 SabarKantha101 Kachchh99 Kheda98 Jamnagar63 Bharuch56 Botad55 Surendranagar55 Valsad47 GirSomnath45 Dohad43 Chhotaudepur37 Naysari35 Junagadh31 Narmada25 DevbhumiDwarka22 Amreli16 Porbandar11 Tapi6 Dang5 Morbi4 | 2,68,571 424 | 1,991 122 | 2,62,172 301 | 4,408 1 |
DistrictCases Patna279 Bhagalpur266 Rohtas256 Khagaria253 Begusarai243 Madhubani199 Munger188 Jehanabad178 Katihar175 Darbhanga143 Samastipur139 Siwan139 PurbiChamparan138 Purnia135 Banka134 Buxar134 Nalanda123 Gopalganj123 Nawada122 Sheikhpura118 Gaya115 Kaimur (bhabua)105 Bhojpur103 Saran101 Muzaffarpur96 Saharsa88 Supaul87 Vaishali87 Madhepura82 Kishanganj75 Aurangabad75 Sitamarhi73 Lakhisarai72 Araria68 Pashchim Champaran57 Arwal52 Jamui47 Sheohar20 | 2,62,418 61 | 478 31 | 2,60,401 91 | 1,539 1 |
DistrictCases Indore3,839 Bhopal1,880 Ujjain799 Burhanpur351 Neemuch319 Jabalpur276 East Nimar266 Sagar228 Gwalior211 Khargone196 Dewas140 Dhar132 Mandsaur112 Morena109 Bhind87 Raisen71 Barwani60 Ratlam51 Rewa39 Shajapur39 Hoshangabad37 Vidisha37 Chhatarpur35 Betul35 Rajgarh31 Dindori29 Sheopur26 Damoh26 Satna24 Anuppur22 Panna20 Tikamgarh18 Sidhi17 Narsinghpur17 Chhindwara16 Agar Malwa15 Mandla15 Shivpuri15 Jhabua14 Shandol14 Singrauli13 Ashoknagar13 Datia12 Sehore12 Umaria10 Balaghat9 Guna8 Harda4 Alirajpur3 Katni3 Seoni2 Niwari0 | 2,60,681 368 | 2,435 165 | 2,54,387 201 | 3,859 2 |
DistrictCases Kamrup Metro276 Golaghat203 Nagaon143 Hojai89 Dima Hasao86 Karimganj85 Tinsukia84 Cachar80 Dibrugarh61 Hailakandi57 Lakhimpur57 Marigaon50 Dhemaji47 Kamrup42 Kokrajhar37 Dhubri30 Charaideo29 Barpeta28 Udalguri28 Sonitpur27 Jorhat24 Nalbari23 Darrang20 Sivasagar20 Goalpara19 Biswanath16 Baksa14 KarbiAnglong13 Bongaigaon12 Chirang6 West KarbiAnglong5 South SalmaraMancachar4 Majuli2 | 2,17,484 30 | 1,623 17 | 2,14,770 13 | 1,091 |
DistrictCases Amritsar485 Jalandhar297 Ludhiana293 Tarn Taran163 Gurdaspur154 Hoshiarpur140 S.A.S Nagar137 Patiala132 Sangrur107 Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar (Nawanshahr)99 Pathankot86 Rupnagar (Ropar)74 Faridkot74 Sri Muktsar Sahib71 Moga65 Bathinda60 Fatehgarh Sahib57 Fazilka53 Firozepur50 Kapurthala44 Mansa31 Barnala25 | 1,80,382 563 | 3,870 272 | 1,70,713 278 | 5,799 13 |
DistrictCases Anantnag395 Srinagar300 Kulgam295 Baramulla271 Shopian255 Kupwara231 Bandipora175 Udhampur155 Ramban151 Jammu138 Budgam110 Pulwama108 Kathua53 Rajouri39 Ganderbal37 Poonch35 Doda27 Reasi26 Samba25 Kishtwar10 Mirpur0 Muzaffarabad0 | 1,26,201 108 | 820 49 | 1,23,426 59 | 1,955 |
DistrictCases East Singhbum170 Ranchi148 Hazaribagh110 Garhwa80 Ramgarh75 Koderma58 Simdega48 Dhanbad32 Gumla28 Palamu27 West Singhbhum21 SaraikelaKharsawan20 Giridih19 Bokaro16 Latehar14 Khunti10 Lohardaga8 Deoghar5 Dumka5 Pakur4 Jamtara2 Godda2 Chatra1 Sahebganj0 | 1,19,795 76 | 467 36 | 1,18,241 40 | 1,087 |
DistrictCases Dehradun370 Nainital323 Tehri Garhwal110 Haridwar94 Udam Singh Nagar83 Almora71 Champawat45 Pithoragarh43 Chamoli36 PauriGarhwal36 Bageshwar31 Rudraprayag30 Uttar Kashi24 | 97,031 | 491 0 | 94,850 | 1,690 |
DistrictCases Hamirpur117 Kangra105 Una41 Solan32 Chamba29 Bilaspur21 Mandi21 Sirmaur11 Shimla10 Kullu4 Kinnaur2 Lahaul And Spiti0 | 58,499 42 | 244 15 | 57,260 27 | 995 |
DistrictCases South Goa69 North Goa57 | 54,771 71 | 531 36 | 53,449 33 | 791 2 |
DistrictCases Pondicherry111 Mahe4 Karaikal2 Yanam0 | 39,677 21 | 196 7 | 38,814 13 | 667 1 |
DistrictCases Dhalai196 Sepahijala174 Gomati74 South Tripura53 Unakoti49 West Tripura45 Khowai24 North Tripura14 | 33,407 7 | 32 7 | 32,984 | 391 |
DistrictCases Churachandpur32 Kangpokpi26 Imphal West21 Thoubal18 Imphal East10 Tengnoupal9 Bishnupur7 Senapati6 Chandel5 Kamjong5 Ukhrul4 Jiribam3 Pherzawl3 Kakching2 Tamenglong2 Noney1 | 29,253 3 | 40 1 | 28,840 4 | 373 |
DistrictCases Chandigarh313 | 21,590 49 | 279 29 | 20,960 20 | 351 |
DistrictCases Changlang31 Papum Pare8 Lohit3 Namsai2 West Siang1 East Siang1 Upper Siang1 Tawang1 PakkeKessang1 West Kameng0 Upper Subansiri0 Tirap0 Siang0 Shi Yomi0 Anjaw0 Lower Subansiri0 Lower Dibang Valley0 Longding0 Leparada0 KurungKumey0 KraDaadi0 Kamle0 East Kameng0 Dibang Valley0 Lower Siang0 | 16,836 | 3 1 | 16,777 1 | 56 |
DistrictCases East Khasi Hills22 West Garo Hills5 South West Garo Hills4 North Garo Hills1 West Jaintia Hills1 West Khasi Hills1 East Garo Hills0 East Jaintia Hills0 Ribhoi0 South Garo Hills0 South West Khasi Hills0 | 13,961 3 | 20 2 | 13,793 1 | 148 |
DistrictCases Dimapur20 Mon8 Kohima7 Kiphire3 Tuensang3 Peren2 Phek1 Longleng0 Mokokchung0 Wokha0 Zunheboto0 | 12,198 6 | 13 5 | 12,094 1 | 91 |
DistrictCases Kargil77 LehLadakh43 | 9,814 7 | 56 3 | 9,628 4 | 130 |
DistrictCases East District3 South District3 North District0 West District0 | 6,133 1 | 43 4 | 5,955 5 | 135 |
DistrictCases South Andamans33 Nicobars1 North And Middle Andaman1 | 5,016 | 2 2 | 4,952 2 | 62 |
DistrictCases Kolasib11 Aizawl10 Mamit8 Lawngtlai2 Lunglei2 Saitual1 Champhai0 Hnahthial0 Khawzawl0 Saiha0 Serchhip0 | 4,419 6 | 27 4 | 4,382 2 | 10 |
DistrictCases Dadra And Nagar Haveli20 | 3,405 1 | 5 1 | 3,398 | 2 |
DistrictCases Lakshadweep District0 | 331 9 | 86 0 | 244 8 | 1 1 |