Highlights
- Medical experts say there is an evidence COVID-19 is airborne
- Both larger, smaller aerosols can have virus particles in them: CSIR
- More Research on how far virus can travel in air in infectious form needed
New Delhi: On Monday (July 6), Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America published an open access article titled ‘It is time to address airborne transmission of COVID-19’. Along with the authors, 239 scientists from 32 countries have supported the argument that there is a potential for airborne spread of COVID-19. The claim essentially means that the virus can travel in the air so even if one doesn’t come in direct contact with a COVID-19 infected person, he/she can catch the virus. This also means that an individual might not be safe in his/her house.
Studies by the signatories and other scientists have demonstrated beyond any reasonable doubt that viruses are released during exhalation, talking, and coughing in microdroplets small enough to remain aloft in air and pose a risk of exposure at distances beyond 1 to 2 m from an infected individual, states the article.
Also Read: Coronavirus Outbreak Explained: What Is A Coronavirus And COVID-19?
However, the World Health Organsiation (WHO) has always said that the COVID-19 disease spreads primarily from person to person through small droplets from the nose or mouth, which are expelled when a person with COVID-19 coughs, sneezes, or speaks. These droplets are relatively heavy, do not travel far and quickly sink to the ground. People can catch COVID-19 if they breathe in these droplets from a person infected with the virus. This is why it is important to stay at least 1 meter) away from others.
These droplets can land on objects and surfaces around the person such as tables, doorknobs and handrails. People can become infected by touching these objects or surfaces, then touching their eyes, nose or mouth. This is why it is important to wash your hands regularly with soap and water or clean with alcohol-based hand rub, WHO had said explaining how COVID-19 spread.
Also Read: Coronavirus Outbreak Explained: What Is The Difference Between Pandemic And Epidemic?
239 scientists believe that handwashing and social distancing are appropriate for droplet precautions but insufficient to provide protection from virus-carrying respiratory micro-droplets released into the air by infected people. The scientists have written an open letter to WHO and are advocating for the use of preventive measures to mitigate this route of airborne transmission. The team has even suggested three vital measures:
1. Provide sufficient and effective ventilation (supply clean outdoor air, minimise recirculating air) particularly in public buildings, workplace environments, schools, hospitals, and aged care homes
2. Supplement general ventilation with airborne infection controls such as local exhaust, high-efficiency air filtration, and germicidal ultraviolet lights
3. Avoid overcrowding, particularly in public transport and public buildings
In a virtual media briefing on July 7, WHO addressed the debate around the airborne transmission of COVID-19 and acknowledged there is ‘emerging evidence’ in this field.
We believe that we have to be open to this evidence and understand its implications regarding the modes of transmission and also regarding the precautions that need to be taken, said Professor Benedetta Allegranzi, WHO’s technical lead.
Also Read: Coronavirus Outbreak Explained: What Are The Different Stages Of COVID-19 Transmission
Dr Maria Van Kerkhove, Technical Lead COVID-19, WHO Health Emergencies Programme informed that the organisation has been in touch with the scientists since April and is producing a scientific brief consolidating growing knowledge around transmission.
We are also looking at the possible role of airborne transmission in other setting where you have poor ventilation. We will share our brief in the coming days, said Dr Maria Van Kerkhove.
What Is Airborne Transmission?
Airborne transmission simply means a virus can be carried through the air and possibly infect people breathing contaminated air. There are some viruses which do travel in air like measles. In the case of coronavirus, the debate is still on as there is no clarity on how far the virus can travel in the air, and for how long it remains active.
Also Read: Understanding What Is Flattening The Curve And Its Importance
A virus can be airborne in three ways – through aerosols, smaller droplets and when the virus is light enough to travel in the air. Explaining what are aerosols, Dr Rajesh Parikh, Director, Medical Research at Jaslok Hospital, said,
When you spray deodorant or perfume and fine particles come out, that’s an aerosol. It can come out in different circumstances like in hospitals, when we put a tube inside a patient’s mouth to help in breathing. Aerosols are airborne but not everything that is borne by air is aerosol.
According to scientists, the current guidance from numerous international and national bodies focuses on handwashing, maintaining social distancing, and droplet precautions and do not recognise airborne transmission except for aerosol-generating procedures performed in healthcare settings.
Is Novel Coronavirus Airborne? Experts Answer
To understand scientists’ claims and what this is going to mean for the global battle against the Coronavirus pandemic, NDTV spoke to medical experts.
Explaining different kinds of aerosols and how they can infect others, Dr Shekhar C Mande, Director General of Central Science Industrial Research said,
All of us agree that the principal route of infection is through respiration – when we breathe in air and breathe out. When an infected person coughs, he emits aerosols and those aerosols are typically big in size something like 10 microns or larger. However, there is increasing evidence that is being presented that aerosols are also generated while normal speaking and are smaller in size, less than 5 microns. The Stokes’ law suggests that larger aerosols will settle down on surfaces quickly while smaller will remain suspended in the air for a longer time. Both the larger and smaller aerosols can have virus particles in them and therefore can infect.
Dr Shekhar C Mande believes that the world is still learning about the virus and the current understanding is tilting towards that the SARS-Cov-2 also spreads through smaller aerosols.
Dr M. Vali, Senior Physician at Ganga Ram Hospital noted that the Coronavirus situation is getting serious day by day. The number of Coronavirus cases in India is on the rise and the country is now the third worst-hit nation by COVID-19 after US and Brazil. He said,
These are all indications that coronavirus can be infecting more people through an unknown route. Open transmission by air and the presence of coronavirus in the air which the scientists have claimed to be will be more disastrous.
What’s interesting is, in March, a book titled ‘The Coronavirus – What You Need To Know About The Global Pandemic’ talked about the airborne transmission of coronavirus. In the book, while explaining the difference droplet transmission and airborne infections, writers had stated,
Some nuance can be lost in the oversimplified false dichotomy of airborne versus droplet transmission; they are not mutually exclusive.
Dr Rajesh Parikh, Director, Medical Research at Jaslok Hospital and author of the said book clearly stated that the distinction between droplet borne and airborne is very hazy and ambiguous and added,
In our book, we have quoted somewhat complex equation called the Wells evaporation curve. In a nutshell, it says, as the droplet containing the virus falls to the ground, depending on the humidity, ambient temperature and the wind velocity it evaporates; becomes lighter even before it hits the ground, when it’s light enough, it can be airborne. I think it’s about time WHO comes to terms with it and accept it because otherwise, it lulls people into a false sense of security which is always dangerous.
Dr Harsh Mahajan, Founder Of Mahajan Imaging and Chairman of CARINGdx agreed with Dr Rajesh Parikh and said what scientists have been claiming is not new. Giving an example of the same, he said,
Definitely the virus is airborne and we have known this for a long time. Let’s say in a restaurant, there are two people A and B. A has COVID-19 and is sitting closer to AC or fan and B is sitting next to A which means air from AC or fan will first hit A and then reach to B. In this case, virus particles can be carried in the air of fan and reach B. I know at least one such case, it was reported somewhere in the west.
Dr S. Venkataraman, Senior consultant, MGM Healthcare shared that they have had patients who walk in and say, ‘I was by and large inside the house and how did I pick it up and how are my parents who have never stepped out of the house becoming positive?’
Virus being airborne plays a crucial role in closed spaces and areas that lack ventilation like offices because aerosols remain suspended in the air for a few hours. Hence, Dr Harsh Mahajan suggests finding answers to three questions – whether virus suspended in the air is in infectious form; how long it remains suspended in the air; how far it travels while still remaining infectious.
Also Read: 6 Months On, What Do We Know About The Coronavirus Pandemic
Dr Giridhara R Babu, Professor and Head, Lifecourse Epidemiology, Indian Institute of Public Health, PHFI, Bengaluru also called for evidence on transmission in terms of distance. He said, if it were to be completely airborne, by now most people would have got infected in India because the transport like bus has opened up. Therefore, he suggested research on how far the virus can travel and the size of the particulate matter.
We have always known about virus being airborne. It’s being transmitted through air conditioning trunk. This is why people are being kept in isolation with no air conditioning. It’s just WHO has not come out with those recommendations but we have always known them and following them, said Dr Vivek Nangia, Principal Director and Head of Department for Institute of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine at Max Hospital in Saket.
How To Protect Oneself From COVID-19 If Its Airborne?
Dr Shekhar C Mande says that aerosol form is when minute respiratory droplets can float in the air for a while but this does not travel with the wind and quickly settles. Therefore, he recommends wearing masks, an effective way of protecting oneself from contracting the virus.
If an infected person wears a mask then the probability of transmitting the virus gets low. Similarly, if a non-infected person wears a mask, the probability of catching coronavirus reduces. People don’t need to be scared, said Dr Shekhar C Mande.
Dr M. Vali also emphasised on the regular use of mask and he even suggested using a face cover while indoors. He said,
If the claim is true, it means people should not come out and they should wear the mask very strictly. I’m wearing at home and instructing the same to my children.
Further talking about what could be the revised guidelines, as asked by the scientists, Dr Rajesh Parikh said,
Do not ease out on your safety measures particularly when you are in closed spaces such as elevators. Two months ago, when everyone was talking about the infections in Dharavi in Mumbai and how bad the situation was, I remarked that those of us who live in high rises shouldn’t feel so smug because, at the end of the day, high rises are like vertical Dharavis when it comes to the number of people using a common space. One should not especially feel safer because apartments are large and we have more space around us or we live in affluent neighbourhoods. We have to be careful because if it’s airborne as it seems to be then one could contract the virus within the house so generally, one should wear a mask, as often as possible. And maintain a social distance of course.
Also Read: 6 Months On, A Recap Of How the Coronavirus Pandemic Unfolded
Dr Giridhara R Babu clarified that no special and additional guidelines will be required. Instead, the existing guidelines especially to contain the transmission in indoor spaces will have to be updated rather than outdoor guidelines. He said,
Areas, where enforcement is required, might expand. Mask will definitely be made mandatory even within the houses. People who are using equipment in dental practices where it can spread through the airborne route will have to be changed.
Commenting on the new data and studies being put out in the area of transmission and how WHO takes it, in a virtual media briefing, Dr Soumya Swaminathan, WHO Chief Scientist informed that the science is constantly changing and the team reviews about 500 new publications a day. She added,
We do what’s called a living systematic review. We are of course focused on public health guidance and so any guidance that we put out has implications of course for billions of people around the world, so it has to be carefully considered.
NDTV – Dettol Banega Swasth India campaign is an extension of the five-year-old Banega Swachh India initiative helmed by Campaign Ambassador Amitabh Bachchan. It aims to spread awareness about critical health issues facing the country. In wake of the current COVID-19 pandemic, the need for WASH (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene) is reaffirmed as handwashing is one of the ways to prevent Coronavirus infection and other diseases. The campaign highlights the importance of nutrition and healthcare for women and children to prevent maternal and child mortality, fight malnutrition, stunting, wasting, anaemia and disease prevention through vaccines. Importance of programmes like Public Distribution System (PDS), Mid-day Meal Scheme, POSHAN Abhiyan and the role of Aganwadis and ASHA workers are also covered. Only a Swachh or clean India where toilets are used and open defecation free (ODF) status achieved as part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014, can eradicate diseases like diahorrea and become a Swasth or healthy India. The campaign will continue to cover issues like air pollution, waste management, plastic ban, manual scavenging and sanitation workers and menstrual hygiene.
World
India
State & District Details
State | Cases | Active | Recovered | Deaths |
---|---|---|---|---|
DistrictCases Mumbai45,478 Thane13,660 Pune9,920 Mumbai Suburban5,363 Aurangabad1,974 Nashik1,575 Raigad1,462 Palghar1,421 Solapur1,291 Jalgaon1,039 Akola757 Nagpur692 Kolhapur646 Satara629 Ratnagiri350 Amravati291 Dhule228 Hingoli208 Jalna201 Ahmednagar190 Nanded176 Yavatmal150 Sangli145 Latur139 Osmanabad125 Sindhudurg114 Buldhana88 Parbhani78 gondia69 Beed54 Nandurbar42 Gadchiroli42 Bhandara41 Chandrapur32 Washim13 Wardha11 | 19,97,992 3,015 | 47,982 1,633 | 18,99,428 4,589 | 50,582 59 |
DistrictCases Udupi1,176 Kalaburagi669 Yadgir538 Bengaluru Urban529 Raichur369 Mandya346 Belagavi337 Bidar219 Hassan205 Davangere204 Vijayapura201 Dakshina Kannada179 Chikkaballapura149 Mysuru107 Bagalkote103 Uttara Kannada95 Shivamogga67 Dharwad61 Ballari60 Gadag45 Bengaluru Rural40 Tumakuru36 Kolar29 Haveri24 Chikkamagaluru19 Chitradurga14 Koppal5 Kodagu4 Ramanagara3 Chamarajanagara0 | 9,33,578 501 | 7,716 168 | 9,13,677 665 | 12,185 4 |
DistrictCases Kurnool795 Krishna557 Guntur511 Anantapur428 East Godavari356 Chittoor319 Sri Potti Sriramulu Nell*296 Y.S.R.205 West Godavari199 Srikakulam183 Prakasam104 Visakhapatnam103 Vizianagaram23 | 8,86,418 173 | 1,637 23 | 8,77,639 196 | 7,142 |
DistrictCases Kannur357 Kasaragod333 Palakkad224 Malappuram119 Kollam118 Thrissur106 Thiruvananthapuram104 Pathanamthitta98 Kozhikode90 Alappuzha76 Kottayam73 Ernakulam60 Idukki40 Wayanad36 | 8,64,195 6,815 | 69,914 567 | 7,90,757 7,364 | 3,524 18 |
DistrictCases Chennai23,324 Chengalpattu1,314 Thiruvallur774 Villupuram509 Kanchipuram503 Tiruvannamalai496 Cuddalore477 Ariyalur444 Tirunelveli433 Tuticorin333 Kallakurichi324 Madurai322 Salem258 Coimbatore188 Virudhunagar185 Dindigul175 Perambalur133 Ranipet133 Thanjavur130 Theni129 Tiruchirappalli119 Ramanathapuram119 Tiruppur116 Kanniyakumari110 Tenkasi103 Nagapattinam99 Karur88 Namakkal83 Erode75 Vellore71 Thiruvarur67 Pudukkottai53 Sivaganga46 Tirupathur45 Krishnagiri43 The Nilgiris17 Dharmapuri15 | 8,32,415 549 | 5,314 173 | 8,14,811 713 | 12,290 9 |
DistrictCases North West5,463 Central4,817 West4,768 New Delhi3,405 North3,059 East2,472 South East2,446 South West2,391 South2,329 North East1,914 Shahdara1,580 | 6,33,049 228 | 2,147 187 | 6,20,128 405 | 10,774 10 |
DistrictCases Gautam Buddha Nagar1,119 Agra933 Ghaziabad794 Meerut504 Lucknow386 Saharanpur298 Kanpur Nagar286 Moradabad252 Varanasi243 Hapur225 Aligarh215 Basti214 Amethi206 Rampur203 Jaunpur194 Firozabad190 Barabanki168 Gorakhpur166 Bulandshahr166 Siddharth Nagar159 Ghazipur159 Bijnor157 Deoria143 Azamgarh138 Sant Kabeer Nagar132 Mathura129 Ayodhya120 Muzaffarnagar117 Sambhal116 Sultanpur97 Ambedkar Nagar92 Maharajganj85 Amroha80 Rae Bareli78 Bahraich73 Kheri72 Kannauj69 Baghpat68 Kushi Nagar67 Bhadohi60 Ballia60 Gonda59 Etah52 Hardoi49 Balrampur49 Mau48 Mainpuri46 Etawah46 Hathras43 Unnao42 Jalaun41 Jhansi41 Shamli40 Chandauli38 Auraiya37 Farrukhabad36 Sitapur32 Prayagraj30 Banda27 Shahjahanpur25 Shravasti23 Budaun23 Mirzapur22 Bareilly17 Kasganj16 Pratapgarh15 Pilibhit15 Sonbhadra10 Kaushambi6 Kanpur Dehat4 Chitrakoot4 Lalitpur3 Hamirpur3 Mahoba3 Fatehpur3 | 5,97,628 390 | 7,873 299 | 5,81,164 682 | 8,591 7 |
DistrictCases Kolkata2,777 Howrah1,435 24 Paraganas North1,031 Hooghly604 24 Paraganas South281 Maldah235 Dinajpur Uttar216 Coochbehar210 Birbhum206 Medinipur West159 Medinipur East153 Nadia139 Purba Bardhaman130 Murshidabad125 Bankura116 Darjeeling97 Jalpaiguri88 Paschim Bardhaman70 Purulia66 Dinajpur Dakshin50 Alipurduar39 Kalimpong18 Jhargram9 | 5,66,482 409 | 6,675 106 | 5,49,727 509 | 10,080 6 |
DistrictCases Ganjam581 Jajapur322 Khordha238 Baleshwar190 Kendrapara164 Cuttack155 Bhadrak137 Balangir129 Puri103 Sundargarh102 Jagatsinghapur91 Nayagarh86 Mayurbhanj73 Nuapada69 Gajapati61 Dhenkanal36 Boudh34 Kendujhar34 Deogarh33 Kalahandi33 Sonepur29 Kandhamal28 Anugul26 Malkangiri20 Bargarh16 Koraput16 Sambalpur16 Jharsuguda8 Nabarangpur2 Rayagada2 | 3,33,723 157 | 1,500 113 | 3,30,321 270 | 1,902 |
DistrictCases Jaipur2,177 Jodhpur1,748 Udaipur724 Bharatpur563 Kota503 Nagaur500 Ajmer379 Dungarpur374 Pali352 Jhalawar329 Bhilwara250 Sikar231 Chittorgarh188 Tonk171 Jalore164 Rajsamand140 Sirohi130 Bikaner112 Banswara91 Alwar90 Churu81 Jhunjhunu64 Dausa61 Dholpur60 Baran59 Jaisalmer53 Barmer34 Hanumangarh31 SawaiMadhopur26 Karauli17 Pratapgarh14 Ganganagar8 Bundi5 | 3,15,816 213 | 4,077 227 | 3,08,985 438 | 2,754 2 |
DistrictCases Bilaspur100 Korba100 Mungeli87 Baloda Bazar85 Jashpur77 Janjgir-Champa56 Mahasamund54 Rajnandgaon52 Kabirdham52 Raigarh47 Raipur46 Balod41 Korea39 Durg31 Bemetara21 Kanker19 Balrampur17 Surguja14 Gariyaband10 Surajpur9 Dhamtari6 Bijapur2 Bastar2 Dantewada0 Kondagaon0 Narayanpur0 Sukma0 | 2,94,949 594 | 5,798 134 | 2,85,566 718 | 3,585 10 |
DistrictCases Hyderabad2,475 Ranga Reddy183 Suryapet87 Jagitial77 Nizamabad76 MedchalMalkajgiri75 Mancherial43 YadadriBhuvanagiri40 Jogulamba Gadwal40 Vikarabad40 Nalgonda33 Warangal Urban32 Mahabubnagar30 Sangareddy26 Khammam26 Adilabad22 Nirmal21 Karimnagar17 RajannaSircilla16 Medak11 Kamareddy11 Mahabubabad10 Jayashankar Bhupalapally9 Nagarkurnool8 Kumuram Bheem Asifabad8 Jangoan8 Siddipet7 Peddapalli5 Bhadradri Kothagudem5 Warangal Rural4 Mulugu3 Narayanpet3 Wanaparthy1 | 2,92,621 226 | 3,920 1 | 2,87,117 224 | 1,584 1 |
DistrictCases Gurugram2,950 Faridabad867 Sonipat404 Rohtak145 Palwal120 Jhajjar114 Karnal104 Hisar98 Ambala93 Panipat78 Nuh68 Bhiwani60 Rewari56 Kurukshetra55 Sirsa50 Kaithal48 Mahendragarh47 CharkiDadri43 Panchkula39 Fatehabad38 Jind38 Yamunanagar19 | 2,66,686 105 | 1,734 103 | 2,61,955 204 | 2,997 4 |
DistrictCases Patna279 Bhagalpur266 Rohtas256 Khagaria253 Begusarai243 Madhubani199 Munger188 Jehanabad178 Katihar175 Darbhanga143 Samastipur139 Siwan139 PurbiChamparan138 Purnia135 Banka134 Buxar134 Nalanda123 Gopalganj123 Nawada122 Sheikhpura118 Gaya115 Kaimur (bhabua)105 Bhojpur103 Saran101 Muzaffarpur96 Saharsa88 Supaul87 Vaishali87 Madhepura82 Kishanganj75 Aurangabad75 Sitamarhi73 Lakhisarai72 Araria68 Pashchim Champaran57 Arwal52 Jamui47 Sheohar20 | 2,58,176 185 | 3,143 98 | 2,53,569 280 | 1,464 3 |
DistrictCases Ahmadabad17,125 Surat2,311 Vadodara1,555 Gandhinagar410 Mahesana159 Banas Kantha147 Bhavnagar146 Rajkot135 Arvalli134 Mahisagar125 Anand107 PanchMahals107 Patan105 SabarKantha101 Kachchh99 Kheda98 Jamnagar63 Bharuch56 Botad55 Surendranagar55 Valsad47 GirSomnath45 Dohad43 Chhotaudepur37 Naysari35 Junagadh31 Narmada25 DevbhumiDwarka22 Amreli16 Porbandar11 Tapi6 Dang5 Morbi4 | 2,57,342 490 | 5,748 219 | 2,47,223 707 | 4,371 2 |
DistrictCases Indore3,839 Bhopal1,880 Ujjain799 Burhanpur351 Neemuch319 Jabalpur276 East Nimar266 Sagar228 Gwalior211 Khargone196 Dewas140 Dhar132 Mandsaur112 Morena109 Bhind87 Raisen71 Barwani60 Ratlam51 Rewa39 Shajapur39 Hoshangabad37 Vidisha37 Chhatarpur35 Betul35 Rajgarh31 Dindori29 Sheopur26 Damoh26 Satna24 Anuppur22 Panna20 Tikamgarh18 Sidhi17 Narsinghpur17 Chhindwara16 Agar Malwa15 Mandla15 Shivpuri15 Jhabua14 Shandol14 Singrauli13 Ashoknagar13 Datia12 Sehore12 Umaria10 Balaghat9 Guna8 Harda4 Alirajpur3 Katni3 Seoni2 Niwari0 | 2,52,466 280 | 5,008 724 | 2,43,688 997 | 3,770 7 |
DistrictCases Kamrup Metro276 Golaghat203 Nagaon143 Hojai89 Dima Hasao86 Karimganj85 Tinsukia84 Cachar80 Dibrugarh61 Hailakandi57 Lakhimpur57 Marigaon50 Dhemaji47 Kamrup42 Kokrajhar37 Dhubri30 Charaideo29 Barpeta28 Udalguri28 Sonitpur27 Jorhat24 Nalbari23 Darrang20 Sivasagar20 Goalpara19 Biswanath16 Baksa14 KarbiAnglong13 Bongaigaon12 Chirang6 West KarbiAnglong5 South SalmaraMancachar4 Majuli2 | 2,16,919 32 | 2,663 65 | 2,13,179 95 | 1,077 2 |
DistrictCases Amritsar485 Jalandhar297 Ludhiana293 Tarn Taran163 Gurdaspur154 Hoshiarpur140 S.A.S Nagar137 Patiala132 Sangrur107 Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar (Nawanshahr)99 Pathankot86 Rupnagar (Ropar)74 Faridkot74 Sri Muktsar Sahib71 Moga65 Bathinda60 Fatehgarh Sahib57 Fazilka53 Firozepur50 Kapurthala44 Mansa31 Barnala25 | 1,71,136 199 | 2,405 7 | 1,63,211 202 | 5,520 4 |
DistrictCases Anantnag395 Srinagar300 Kulgam295 Baramulla271 Shopian255 Kupwara231 Bandipora175 Udhampur155 Ramban151 Jammu138 Budgam110 Pulwama108 Kathua53 Rajouri39 Ganderbal37 Poonch35 Doda27 Reasi26 Samba25 Kishtwar10 Mirpur0 Muzaffarabad0 | 1,23,647 109 | 1,099 4 | 1,20,625 113 | 1,923 |
DistrictCases East Singhbum170 Ranchi148 Hazaribagh110 Garhwa80 Ramgarh75 Koderma58 Simdega48 Dhanbad32 Gumla28 Palamu27 West Singhbhum21 SaraikelaKharsawan20 Giridih19 Bokaro16 Latehar14 Khunti10 Lohardaga8 Deoghar5 Dumka5 Pakur4 Jamtara2 Godda2 Chatra1 Sahebganj0 | 1,18,012 125 | 1,102 45 | 1,15,853 170 | 1,057 |
DistrictCases Dehradun370 Nainital323 Tehri Garhwal110 Haridwar94 Udam Singh Nagar83 Almora71 Champawat45 Pithoragarh43 Chamoli36 PauriGarhwal36 Bageshwar31 Rudraprayag30 Uttar Kashi24 | 95,192 153 | 2,005 13 | 91,565 137 | 1,622 3 |
DistrictCases Hamirpur117 Kangra105 Una41 Solan32 Chamba29 Bilaspur21 Mandi21 Sirmaur11 Shimla10 Kullu4 Kinnaur2 Lahaul And Spiti0 | 57,082 63 | 575 9 | 55,540 72 | 967 |
DistrictCases South Goa69 North Goa57 | 52,657 87 | 865 3 | 51,036 84 | 756 |
DistrictCases Pondicherry111 Mahe4 Karaikal2 Yanam0 | 38,737 31 | 296 1 | 37,798 32 | 643 |
DistrictCases Dhalai196 Sepahijala174 Gomati74 South Tripura53 Unakoti49 West Tripura45 Khowai24 North Tripura14 | 33,339 3 | 37 1 | 32,911 4 | 391 |
DistrictCases Churachandpur32 Kangpokpi26 Imphal West21 Thoubal18 Imphal East10 Tengnoupal9 Bishnupur7 Senapati6 Chandel5 Kamjong5 Ukhrul4 Jiribam3 Pherzawl3 Kakching2 Tamenglong2 Noney1 | 28,919 19 | 244 9 | 28,308 10 | 367 |
DistrictCases Chandigarh313 | 20,623 28 | 171 14 | 20,122 42 | 330 |
DistrictCases Changlang31 Papum Pare8 Lohit3 Namsai2 West Siang1 East Siang1 Upper Siang1 Tawang1 PakkeKessang1 West Kameng0 Upper Subansiri0 Tirap0 Siang0 Shi Yomi0 Anjaw0 Lower Subansiri0 Lower Dibang Valley0 Longding0 Leparada0 KurungKumey0 KraDaadi0 Kamle0 East Kameng0 Dibang Valley0 Lower Siang0 | 16,815 | 46 6 | 16,713 6 | 56 |
DistrictCases East Khasi Hills22 West Garo Hills5 South West Garo Hills4 North Garo Hills1 West Jaintia Hills1 West Khasi Hills1 East Garo Hills0 East Jaintia Hills0 Ribhoi0 South Garo Hills0 South West Khasi Hills0 | 13,717 7 | 133 0 | 13,440 7 | 144 |
DistrictCases Dimapur20 Mon8 Kohima7 Kiphire3 Tuensang3 Peren2 Phek1 Longleng0 Mokokchung0 Wokha0 Zunheboto0 | 12,067 1 | 106 6 | 11,873 7 | 88 |
DistrictCases Kargil77 LehLadakh43 | 9,668 6 | 76 3 | 9,463 9 | 129 |
DistrictCases East District3 South District3 North District0 West District0 | 6,057 5 | 160 4 | 5,766 1 | 131 |
DistrictCases South Andamans33 Nicobars1 North And Middle Andaman1 | 4,991 2 | 29 1 | 4,900 3 | 62 |
DistrictCases Kolasib11 Aizawl10 Mamit8 Lawngtlai2 Lunglei2 Saitual1 Champhai0 Hnahthial0 Khawzawl0 Saiha0 Serchhip0 | 4,346 12 | 69 2 | 4,268 10 | 9 |
DistrictCases Dadra And Nagar Haveli20 | 3,393 2 | 11 2 | 3,380 | 2 |
DistrictCases Lakshadweep District0 | 30 9 | 30 9 | 0 | 0 |
1 Comment
kushal kumar
New theory emerging in early July 2020 that the novel Coronavirus ( Covid-19 ) is airborne.
The world today is getting more and more infected by novel coronavirus officially given the name of Covid-19. It is spreading since it came to notice in January , 2020. The World Health Organisation whose duty it is to take steps to alert the global community about epidemics or pandemics and suggest all that is necessary to contain such deadly diseases. In this regard , the WHO has been until recently of the view that – “ the Covid-19 spreads primarily from person to person through small droplets from the nose and mouth which are expelled when a person with Covid-19 coughs , sneezes or speaks”. But something new related to this scientific phenomenon about Covid-19 has been expressed in early July 2020 by 239 scientists of 32 countries to show that the novel coronavirus spreads through air. In other words , they have opined that Covid-19 is airborne. The novel coronavirus in small particles in the air can infect people. The WHO has been urged by the scientists to revise its recommendations in that regard. A detailed report with evidence is proposed by the scientists to be made available in days to come. WHO has responded by expressing their viewpoint consequent upon the new claim of scientists accepting the theory in certain conditions but has said it may need more going into. WHO is reported to have opined that yes the novel coronavirus could be airborne indoors when the small particles during coughing , sneezing or speaking may remain in the air while the droplets fall to the ground. The remedy may lie in keeping indoors open to fresh air. In this regard , basic question may have to be addressed with closer clarity for common man as to what difference the new theory makes to the earlier theory of WHO. The earlier theory was that the virus spreads through person to person through small droplets from the nose and mouth which are expelled when a person with Covid-19 coughs , sneezes or speaks. Obviously , the passage or medium is open space between one person and another. And there is limitation to space where small droplets can stay and how long. This was addressed by the WHO so far. It seemed the force or strength of sneezing or cough or speaking would bringing out the smaller particles to the space between the persons , transporting to the being by entering into nose or mouth. But the new theory looks like putting forth that the smaller particles of the coronavirus stay in the air and even if the person or persons emitting smaller particles have gone , the air possessing those smaller particles can enter through nose or mouth or respiratory system in the body to infect. But all these circumstances would need to be clarified as to the limitations of distance and time to the smaller particles to stay in air and travel through air to infect. Let us wait for more details and response of WHO as well. But if the new theory of how Covid-19 is airborne and can spread through air is accepted as a scientific fact , it is obviously a new or addition to worry for global community. However , that may suggest to the accuracy of something relevant opined by this Vedic astrology writer in the alert on 11 November , 2019 through predictive article – “ Astrological probable alerts for 2020” – published at wisdom-magazine.com/Article.aspx/5176/ on 1 January , 2020. The text of the opinion referred here reads like this in the predictive article of 11 November , 2019 :-
“ 4. …………………………….. More care and appropriate strategy may be taken during April to June , particularly May-June in 2020 , against spill or loss of such stuff as are known for repugnant and repulsive smell though air passage”. The concept of airborne is clear here while other part is implied in the predictive alert , when related to Covid-19.